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  2. Bird anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_anatomy

    Anterior thoracic vertebrae are fused in many birds and articulate with the notarium of the pectoral girdle. [13] Diagram of a general bird pelvic girdle skeleton including the lower vertebral column sections. Note that the caudal vertebrae (5–10) are not fused in this diagram but can be in certain species.

  3. Bird feet and legs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_feet_and_legs

    Most birds have four toes, typically three facing forward and one pointing backward. [7] [10] [8] In a typical perching bird, they consist respectively of 3, 4, 5 and 2 phalanges. [2] Some birds, like the sanderling, have only the forward-facing toes; these are called tridactyl feet while the ostrich have only two toes (didactyl feet).

  4. Air sac - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_sac

    The uncinate processes are the small white spurs about halfway along the ribs. The rest of this diagram shows the air sacs and other parts of a bird's respiratory system:1 cervical air sac, 2 clavicular air sac, 3 cranial thoracal air sac, 4 caudal thoracal air sac, 5 abdominal air sac (5' diverticulus into pelvic girdle), 6 lung, 7 trachea

  5. Acetabulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetabulum

    In reptiles and birds, the acetabula are deep sockets. Organisms in the dinosauria clade are defined by a perforate acetabulum, which can be thought of as a "hip-socket". The perforate acetabulum is a cup-shaped opening on each side of the pelvic girdle formed where the ischium, ilium, and pubis all meet, and into which the head of the femur ...

  6. Ilium (bone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilium_(bone)

    The acetabulum, which can be thought of as a "hip-socket", is an opening on each side of the pelvic girdle formed where the ischium, ilium, and pubis all meet, and into which the head of the femur inserts. The orientation and position of the acetabulum is one of the main morphological traits that caused dinosaurs to walk in an upright posture ...

  7. Lagerpeton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagerpeton

    Lagerpeton is a genus of lagerpetid avemetatarsalian, comprising a single species, L. chanarensis. [1] First described from the Chañares Formation of Argentina by A. S. Romer in 1971, Lagerpeton 's anatomy is somewhat incompletely known, with fossil specimens accounting for the pelvic girdle, hindlimbs, posterior presacral, sacral and anterior caudal vertebrae. [2]

  8. I traveled to 50 of the top countries for tourism and ranked ...

    www.aol.com/traveled-50-top-countries-tourism...

    Canada is a beautiful country and an outdoors lover's paradise, with national parks such as Banff and amazing winter sports in Whistler.. But outside Quebec and a handful of other provinces ...

  9. Spur (zoology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spur_(zoology)

    The fifth toe is lost completely except in some birds where it has become a spur. A number of birds have spurs on their feet or legs, usually formed from the lower portion of the tarsometatarsus bone. Best known are the spurs on chicken, though most galliform birds bear spurs. The spurs are mostly found in males, and used in mating competition ...