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var x1 = 0; // A global variable, because it is not in any function let x2 = 0; // Also global, this time because it is not in any block function f {var z = 'foxes', r = 'birds'; // 2 local variables m = 'fish'; // global, because it wasn't declared anywhere before function child {var r = 'monkeys'; // This variable is local and does not affect the "birds" r of the parent function. z ...
It takes a string as parameter, and returns the number of leading digits. It does not handle negative numbers or decimals, and stops at any minus sign '-' or dot '.' symbols. Examples
Undefined parameter values are tricky: if the first positional parameter was not defined in the template call, then {{{1}}} will evaluate to the literal string "{{{1}}}" (i.e., the 7-character string containing three sets of curly braces around the number 1), which is a true value.
The number 1 is formed as +!![] or +!+[], where the boolean value true (expressed as !![] or !+[] in JSFuck) is converted into the numeric value 1 by the prepended plus sign. The digits 2 to 9 are formed by summing true the appropriate number of times. E.g. in JavaScript true + true = 2 and true = !![] = !+[], hence 2 can be written as ...
JavaScript is weakly typed, which means certain types are implicitly cast depending on the operation used. [58] The binary + operator casts both operands to a string unless both operands are numbers. This is because the addition operator doubles as a concatenation operator; The binary -operator always casts both operands to a number
«FUNCTION» BYTE-LENGTH(string) number of characters and number of bytes, respectively COBOL: string length string: a decimal string giving the number of characters Tcl: ≢ string: APL: string.len() Number of bytes Rust [30] string.chars().count() Number of Unicode code points Rust [31]
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A string (or word [23] or expression [24]) over Σ is any finite sequence of symbols from Σ. [25] For example, if Σ = {0, 1}, then 01011 is a string over Σ. The length of a string s is the number of symbols in s (the length of the sequence) and can be any non-negative integer; it is often denoted as |s|.