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In mathematical physics, a lattice model is a mathematical model of a physical system that is defined on a lattice, as opposed to a continuum, such as the continuum of space or spacetime. Lattice models originally occurred in the context of condensed matter physics, where the atoms of a crystal automatically form a lattice.
A branch of physics that studies atoms as isolated systems of electrons and an atomic nucleus. Compare nuclear physics. atomic structure atomic weight (A) The sum total of protons (or electrons) and neutrons within an atom. audio frequency A periodic vibration whose frequency is in the band audible to the average human, the human hearing range.
Multilevel or multi-level may refer to: A hierarchy, a system where items are arranged in an "above-below" relation. A system that is composed of several layers.
A multi-level converter (MLC) or (multi-level inverter) is a method of generating high-voltage wave-forms from lower-voltage components. MLC origins go back over a hundred years, when in the 1880s, the advantages of DC long-distance transmission became evident. [1] Modular multi-level converters (MMC) were investigated by Tricoli et al in 2017.
Symbol Meaning SI unit of measure magnetic vector potential: tesla meter (T⋅m) : area: square meter (m 2) : amplitude: meter: atomic mass number: unitless acceleration: meter per second squared (m/s 2)
The aforementioned DOE multiscale modeling efforts were hierarchical in nature. The first concurrent multiscale model occurred when Michael Ortiz (Caltech) took the molecular dynamics code Dynamo, developed by Mike Baskes at Sandia National Labs, and with his students embedded it into a finite element code for the first time. [18]
Multilevel models are a subclass of hierarchical Bayesian models, which are general models with multiple levels of random variables and arbitrary relationships among the different variables. Multilevel analysis has been extended to include multilevel structural equation modeling, multilevel latent class modeling, and other more general models.
The rapid exploration of complex networks in recent years has been dogged by a lack of standardized naming conventions, as various groups use overlapping and contradictory [28] [29] terminology to describe specific network configurations (e.g., multiplex, multilayer, multilevel, multidimensional, multirelational, interconnected).