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Carl Jung developed the theory of cognitive processes in his book Psychological Types, in which he defined only four psychological functions, which can take introverted or extraverted attitudes, as well as a judging (rational) or perceiving (irrational) attitude determined by the primary function (judging if thinking or feeling, and perceiving ...
Jung wrote, "In attempting to answer this question, I came across the problem of types; for it is one's psychological type which from the outset determines and limits a person's judgment." [5]: 207 He concluded that Freud's theory was extraverted and Adler's introverted.
In September 1909, Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung used the term introverted in a lecture at Clark University. [5] A transcript of this lecture was then published with two others in a journal in 1910, [6] the first time the term appeared in print. In the lecture he mentions that love that is "introverted", "is turned inward into the subject and ...
(Jung, [1961] 1989:207) He concluded that Freud's theory was extraverted and Adler's introverted. (Jung, [1921] 1971: par. 91) Jung became convinced that acrimony between the Adlerian and Freudian camps was due to this unrecognized existence of different fundamental psychological attitudes, which led Jung "to conceive the two controversial ...
This would form a second strain of temperament theory, one which enjoys the most popularity today. Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) defined his typology by a duality of the beautiful and sublime , and concluded it was possible to represent the four temperaments with a square of opposition using the presence or absence of the two attributes.
Carl Gustav Jung [b] was born 26 July 1875 in Kesswil, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau, as the first surviving son of Paul Achilles Jung (1842–1896) and Emilie Preiswerk (1848–1923). [14] His birth was preceded by two stillbirths and that of a son named Paul, born in 1873, who survived only a few days.
Two Essays on Analytical Psychology is volume 7 of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung, presenting the core of Carl Jung's views about psychology.Known as one of the best introductions to Jung's work, the volumes includes the essays "The Relations between the Ego and the Unconscious" (1928; 2nd edn., 1935) and "On the Psychology of the Unconscious" (1943).
The JTI was designed to help capture individuals' preferred usage of the psychological functions identified by Carl Jung in his book Psychological Types, such as thinking vs feeling and sensing vs intuition. [citation needed] The JTI's questions and methodology for identifying the preferred functions differs from the MBTI.