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Page number in a book. Page numbering is the process of applying a sequence of numbers (or letters, or Roman numerals) to the pages of a book or other document. The number itself, which may appear in various places on the page, can be referred to as a page number or as a folio. [1]
Note that numbers in Roman numerals are usually pages that redirect to: the related number article for lower numbers; the related year article for higher numbers, e.g. MMVI redirects to 2006; Unless, of course, the letters, not read as Roman numerals, compose a word with another meaning, e.g. MIX.
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, each with a fixed integer value. The modern style uses only these seven:
A form of unary notation called Church encoding is used to represent numbers within lambda calculus. Some email spam filters tag messages with a number of asterisks in an e-mail header such as X-Spam-Bar or X-SPAM-LEVEL. The larger the number, the more likely the email is considered spam. 10: Bijective base-10: To avoid zero: 26: Bijective base-26
Japanese numerals – Number words used in the Japanese language; Korean numerals – Numbers in traditional Korean writing; Maya numerals – System used by the ancient Mayan civilization to represent numbers and dates; Prehistoric numerals – Numeral form used for counting; Roman numerals – Numbers in the Roman numeral system
Numbers in mathematical formulae are never spelled out (3 < π < 22 / 7 not three < pi < twenty-two sevenths), and "numbers as numbers" are rarely spelled out in other mathematical contexts (the first three primes are 2, 3, and 5 not the first three primes are two, three, and five; but zero-sum game and roots of unity).
Grouped by their numerical property as used in a text, Unicode has four values for Numeric Type. First there is the "not a number" type. Then there are decimal-radix numbers, commonly used in Western style decimals (plain 0–9), there are numbers that are not part of a decimal system such as Roman numbers, and decimal numbers in typographic context, such as encircled numbers.
A chronogram is a sentence or inscription in which specific letters, interpreted as numerals (such as Roman numerals), stand for a particular date when rearranged. The word, meaning "time writing", derives from the Greek words chronos (χρόνος "time") and gramma (γράμμα, "letter").