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The pharmacology of ethanol involves both pharmacodynamics (how it affects the body) and pharmacokinetics (how the body processes it). In the body, ethanol primarily affects the central nervous system, acting as a depressant and causing sedation, relaxation, and decreased anxiety.
The rate of elimination is fairly constant. Initially, the rate of absorption exceeds the rate of elimination, which results in a rising BAC. Sometime after a person stops drinking, the rate of absorption drops below the rate of elimination, and the BAC begins falling. As alcohol is eliminated from the body, it is removed from the membrane of ...
The kidneys can also establish active elimination mechanisms for some drugs, independent of plasma concentrations. It can therefore be seen that non-linearity can occur because of reasons that affect the entire pharmacokinetic sequence: absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination.
It can be altered by behavior. Drinking large amounts of alcohol will reduce the biological half-life of water in the body. [8] [9] This has been used to decontaminate patients who are internally contaminated with tritiated water. The basis of this decontamination method is to increase the rate at which the water in the body is replaced with ...
Peak incidence of seizures occurs at 24-36 hours [5] and peak incidence of delirium tremens is at 48-72 hours. [6] Alcohol withdrawal may occur in those who are alcohol dependent. [1] This may occur following a planned or unplanned decrease in alcohol intake. [1] The underlying mechanism involves a decreased responsiveness of GABA receptors in ...
May Cause Alcohol Dependence “Regular or excessive alcohol consumption can lead to alcohol-related problems, including addiction, liver damage, and increased risk of certain cancers,” says ...
Acute alcohol poisoning is a medical emergency due to the risk of death from respiratory depression or aspiration of vomit if vomiting occurs while the person is unresponsive. Emergency treatment strives to stabilize and maintain an open airway and sufficient breathing while waiting for the alcohol to metabolize.
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