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Iarnród Éireann, the Irish Railway authority, is a current monopoly as Ireland does not have the size for more companies. The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) was founded in 1834, and since the mid-1800s has provided train service between Long Island and New York City. In the 1870s, LIRR became the sole railroad in that area through a series of ...
In economics, a government-granted monopoly (also called a "de jure monopoly" or "regulated monopoly") is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or service; potential competitors are excluded from the market by law, regulation, or other mechanisms of government enforcement.
Technology monopoly: This type of monopoly occurs when one company has exclusive control over a particular technology or innovation, thus enabling them to dominate the market. For example, a company that owns a patent for a breakthrough technology may have a technology monopoly.
For example, in its 1962 decision Brown Shoe Co. v. United States, [24] the Supreme Court ruled that a proposed merger was illegal even though the resulting company would have controlled only five percent of the relevant market. [22] In a now-famous line from his dissent in the 1966 decision United States v.
It broke the monopoly into three dozen separate companies that competed with one another, including Standard Oil of New Jersey (later known as Exxon and now ExxonMobil), Standard Oil of Indiana , Standard Oil Company of New York (Mobil, again, later merged with Exxon to form ExxonMobil), of California , and so on. In approving the breakup, the ...
According to testimony on Friday by Prabhakar Raghavan, a senior executive responsible for search and advertising at Google, the tech giant paid $26.3 billion to other companies for the privilege ...
A monopoly granted either to an individual or to a trading company has the same effect as a secret in trade or manufactures. The monopolists, by keeping the market constantly under-stocked, by never fully supplying the effectual demand, sell their commodities much above the natural price, and raise their emoluments, whether they consist in ...
Some state courts have higher market share requirements for this definition. In-depth analysis of the market and industry is needed for a court to judge whether the market is monopolized. If a company acquires its monopoly by using business acumen, innovation and superior products, it is regarded to be legal; if a firm achieves monopoly through ...