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  2. Basal cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_cell

    For example, while basal cells in both the esophagus and the stomach function as multipotent progenitor cells, they are fundamentally different because the esophageal basal cells exist as a part of a stratified squamous epithelium, whereas the gastric basal cells exist as a part of a simple columnar epithelium. Functionally, this means that ...

  3. Airway basal cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_basal_cell

    Basal cells can also provide a defence function upregulating innate immune mediators such as RNase7, an antimicrobial protein. [3] RNase7, mediates tissue repair, and the production of inflammatory cytokines induced either by tobacco smoke, or by microbial pattern recognition.

  4. Respiratory epithelium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_epithelium

    The cells in the respiratory epithelium are of five main types: a) ciliated cells, b) goblet cells, c) brush cells, d) airway basal cells, and e) small granule cells (NDES) [6] Goblet cells become increasingly fewer further down the respiratory tree until they are absent in the terminal bronchioles; club cells take over their role to some extent here. [7]

  5. Stratum basale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratum_basale

    The cells are attached to each other and to the overlying stratum spinosum cells by desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. The nucleus is large, ovoid and occupies most of the cell. Some basal cells can act like stem cells with the ability to divide and produce new cells, and these are sometimes called basal keratinocyte stem cells.

  6. Keratinocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratinocyte

    Basal cells in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal keratinocytes. [2] Keratinocytes form a barrier against environmental damage by heat , UV radiation , water loss , pathogenic bacteria , fungi , parasites , and viruses .

  7. Basal lamina - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_lamina

    The basal lamina is made and maintained by the cells that sit on it. It acts as a point of attachment for cells. However, it can also have other function such as a permeability barrier in the glomerulus (urine production). Some of the matrix molecules (of the basal lamina) mediate synaptic adhesion in neuromuscular synapses. [8]

  8. Epithelial polarity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelial_polarity

    Epithelial polarity is one example of the cell polarity that is a fundamental feature of many types of cells. Epithelial cells feature distinct 'apical', 'lateral' and 'basal' plasma membrane domains. Epithelial cells connect to one another via their lateral membranes to form epithelial sheets that line cavities and surfaces throughout the ...

  9. Basal body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_body

    On cell cycle entry, cilia resorb and the basal body migrates to the nucleus where it functions to organize centrosomes. Centrioles, basal bodies, and cilia are important for mitosis, polarity, cell division, protein trafficking, signaling, motility and sensation.