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Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. [2] Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as gonococcus, fungi, irritants such as smoke, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. [2] [4] Specific testing is not recommended in people who have clear symptoms of a viral infection, such as a ...
A diagnosis usually can be made by the presenting signs and symptoms alone. If the diagnosis is unclear, a throat swab or stool specimen may be taken. Medications are usually not needed as hand, foot, and mouth disease is a viral disease that typically resolves on its own. Under research [15] [16] Sin Nombre virus: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ...
Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as streptococcal sore throat (strep throat), is pharyngitis (an infection of the pharynx, the back of the throat) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a gram-positive, group A streptococcus. [9] [10] Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the front of the neck.
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis , pharyngitis , laryngitis , sinusitis , otitis media , and the common cold .
Gastroesophageal (acid) reflux disease can cause stomach acid to back up into the throat and also cause the throat to become sore. [5] In children, streptococcal pharyngitis is the cause of 35–37% of sore throats. [6] [2] The symptoms of a viral infection and a bacterial infection may be very similar.
The common cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract which can be caused by many different viruses. The most commonly implicated is a rhinovirus (30–80%), a type of picornavirus with 99 known serotypes. [33] Other commonly implicated viruses include coronaviruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, parainfluenza and RSV. [34]
Infections typically begin in the throat or skin. The most striking sign is a strawberry-like rash. Examples of mild S. pyogenes infections include pharyngitis (strep throat) and localized skin infection . Erysipelas and cellulitis are characterized by multiplication and lateral spread of S. pyogenes in deep layers of the skin.
Viral infections cause 40 to 60% of cases of tonsillitis. [14] Many viruses can cause inflammation of the tonsils (and the rest of throat) including adenovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, coxsackievirus, measles virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus ...