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The lining membrane is thinned on the ovary where the follicle bursts and the cells attached to it emerge from the stigma. The ovary is collected from the uterine tube, where fertilization can take place in the ampullate zone. Formation of the corpus luteum: From the remaining structures of the follicle, the corpus luteum is formed.
In natural cycles, ovulation may occur in follicles that are at least 14 mm. [9] The oocyte is technically still a secondary oocyte, suspended in the metaphase II of meiosis. It will develop into an ootid, and rapidly thereafter into an ovum (via completion of meiosis II) only upon fertilization.
The integuments develop into the seed coat when the ovule matures after fertilization. The integuments do not enclose the nucellus completely but retain an opening at the apex referred to as the micropyle. The micropyle opening allows the pollen (a male gametophyte) to enter the ovule for fertilization.
The resulting zygote then gives rise to an embryo, which will grow into a new diploid individual, known as a sporophyte. In seed plants, a structure called the ovule contains the female gametophyte. The gametophyte produces an egg cell. After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed containing the embryo. [14]
Embryogenesis occurs naturally as a result of single, or double fertilization, of the ovule, giving rise to two distinct structures: the plant embryo and the endosperm which go on to develop into a seed. [8] The zygote goes through various cellular differentiations and divisions in order to produce a mature embryo.
Fertilization was not understood in antiquity. Hippocrates believed that the embryo was the product of male semen and a female factor. But Aristotle held that only male semen gave rise to an embryo, while the female only provided a place for the embryo to develop, [5] a concept he acquired from the preformationist Pythagoras.
After double fertilization and ripening, the ovary becomes the fruit, the ovules inside the ovary become the seeds of that fruit, and the egg within the ovule becomes the zygote. [1] [2] Double fertilization of the central cell in the ovule produces the nutritious endosperm tissue that surrounds the developing zygote within the seed. [2]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 December 2024. Union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote This article is about fertilisation in animals and plants. For fertilisation in humans specifically, see Human fertilization. For soil improvement, see Fertilizer. "Conceive" redirects here ...