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  2. Cell cycle checkpoint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle_checkpoint

    Cell cycle checkpoints are control mechanisms in the eukaryotic cell cycle which ensure its proper progression. Each checkpoint serves as a potential termination ...

  3. Cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle

    The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G 1 phase, S phase (synthesis), G 2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm and cell membrane divides forming two daughter cells.

  4. Biochemical switches in the cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_switches_in...

    In this switch in mammalian cells, there are two cell cycle kinases that help to control the checkpoint: cell cycle kinases CDK4/6-cyclin D and CDK2-cyclin E. [1] The transcription complex that includes Rb and E2F is important in controlling this checkpoint. In the first gap phase, the Rb-HDAC repressor complex binds to the E2F-DP1 ...

  5. G2-M DNA damage checkpoint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G2-M_DNA_damage_checkpoint

    Steps of the cell cycle. The G 2-M checkpoint occurs between the G 2 and M phases. G2-M arrest. The G 2-M DNA damage checkpoint is an important cell cycle checkpoint in eukaryotic organisms that ensures that cells don't initiate mitosis until damaged or incompletely replicated DNA is sufficiently repaired.

  6. Eukaryotic DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication

    Various cell cycle checkpoints are present throughout the course of the cell cycle that determine whether a cell will progress through division entirely. Importantly in replication the G 1 , or restriction, checkpoint makes the determination of whether or not initiation of replication will begin or whether the cell will be placed in a resting ...

  7. Spindle checkpoint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle_checkpoint

    The spindle checkpoint, also known as the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the metaphase checkpoint, or the mitotic checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint during metaphase of mitosis or meiosis that prevents the separation of the duplicated chromosomes until each chromosome is properly attached to the ...

  8. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    The cell cycle checkpoints are surveillance systems that keep track of the cell cycle's integrity, accuracy, and chronology. Each checkpoint serves as an alternative cell cycle endpoint, wherein the cell's parameters are examined and only when desirable characteristics are fulfilled does the cell cycle advance through the distinct steps.

  9. Cell division - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_division

    The different stages of mitosis all together define the M phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two genetically identical daughter cells. [3] To ensure proper progression through the cell cycle, DNA damage is detected and repaired at various checkpoints throughout the cycle.