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Intravenous sodium bicarbonate, also known as sodium hydrogen carbonate, is a medication primarily used to treat severe metabolic acidosis. [2] For this purpose it is generally only used when the pH is less than 7.1 and when the underlying cause is either diarrhea , vomiting , or the kidneys . [ 3 ]
It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the vein in which it is given, high blood sugar, and swelling. [2] [3] Excess use may result in low blood sodium and other electrolyte problems. [2] Intravenous sugar solutions are in the crystalloid family of medications. [4]
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy.The use of HES on critically ill patients is associated with an increased risk of death and kidney problems.
Washington State became the second state in the US to use the single-dose sodium thiopental injections for executions. On September 10, 2010, the execution of Cal Coburn Brown was the first in the state to use a single-dose, single-drug injection. His death was pronounced approximately one and a half minutes after the intravenous administration ...
Rabeprazole, sold under the brand name Aciphex, among others, is a medication that decreases stomach acid. [6] It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and excess stomach acid production such as in Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. [6]
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, constipation, headache, rash, and pain at the site of injection. [3] Serious side effects include Clostridioides difficile infection, seizures, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. [3] Those who are allergic to other β-lactam antibiotics are more likely to be allergic to meropenem as well. [3]
It is taken by mouth, injection into a vein, or muscle. [2] [3] Common side effects include blurred vision, dry mouth, sleepiness, constipation, and confusion. [2] It should not be used in people with a bowel obstruction or glaucoma. [2] It is unclear if use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [4] Biperiden is in the anticholinergic family ...
Dosulepin, also known as dothiepin and sold under the brand name Prothiaden among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) which is used in the treatment of depression. [4] [6] [7] Dosulepin was once the most frequently prescribed antidepressant in the United Kingdom, but it is no longer widely used due to its relatively high toxicity in overdose without therapeutic advantages over other TCAs.