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  2. Front-end loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-end_loading

    Front-end loading (FEL), also referred to as Front End Planning (FEP), pre-project planning (PPP), feasibility analysis, conceptual planning, programming/schematic design and early project planning, is the process for conceptual development of projects in processing industries such as upstream oil and gas, petrochemical, natural gas refining, extractive metallurgy, waste-to-energy ...

  3. Value engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_engineering

    Value engineering can lead to the substitution of lower-cost materials, as with the exterior cladding that accelerated the Grenfell Tower fire in London. [1] [2]Value engineering (VE) is a systematic analysis of the functions of various components and materials to lower the cost of goods, products and services with a tolerable loss of performance or functionality.

  4. Construction bidding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_bidding

    Depending upon the language in the bid proposal, a subcontracting construction company could make its bid final, and, if accepted, a legally enforceable contract is created. In these circumstances, upon determination by the general contractor that a bid is the lowest offer, it can accept the bid and, upon acceptance, a subcontractor cannot ...

  5. Front-end engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-end_engineering

    Front-End Engineering focuses on technical requirements and identifying main costs for a proposed project. [2] It is used to establish a price for the execution phase of the project and evaluate potential risks. It is typically followed by Detailed Design (or Detailed Engineering). The amount of time invested in Front-End Engineering is higher ...

  6. Assumption-based planning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption-based_planning

    The continuous process consists of six steps: Knowledge Base Assessment, Critical Assumption Planning, Test Program Design, Funding Request, Test Implementation and Venture Reassessment. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] CAP is built on the foundation of the work of Block (1989) who showed that assumptions can stand in the way of perceiving current business realities.

  7. Basis of estimate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_of_estimate

    Earned Value Management is a second tool within project management that allows for the tracking of progress throughout the life cycle of a project. BOEs, when executed properly and with the aid of certain software packages, allow for a seamless transition from project proposal to execution by transferring data from the BOE directly into ...

  8. Non-recurring engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-recurring_engineering

    Non-recurring engineering (NRE) cost refers to the one-time cost to research, design, develop and test a new product or product enhancement. When budgeting for a new product, NRE must be considered to analyze if a new product will be profitable. Even though a company will pay for NRE on a project only once, NRE costs can be prohibitively high ...

  9. Business case - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_case

    According to the Project Management Institute, a business case is a "value proposition for a proposed project that may include financial and nonfinancial benefit." [ 4 ] Business cases can range from comprehensive and highly structured, as required by formal project management methodologies , to informal and brief.

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