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A skull fracture is a break in one or more of the eight bones that form the cranial portion of the skull, usually occurring as a result of blunt force trauma.If the force of the impact is excessive, the bone may fracture at or near the site of the impact and cause damage to the underlying structures within the skull such as the membranes, blood vessels, and brain.
Disturbance of vision and equilibrium may also occur. Common symptoms of head injury include coma, confusion, drowsiness, personality change, seizures, nausea and vomiting, headache and a lucid interval, during which a patient appears conscious only to deteriorate later. [14] Symptoms of skull fracture can include:
A basilar skull fracture is a break of a bone in the base of the skull. [1] Symptoms may include bruising behind the ears , bruising around the eyes , or blood behind the ear drum . [ 1 ] A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs in about 20% of cases and may result in fluid leaking from the nose or ear . [ 1 ]
Symptoms are dependent on the type of TBI (diffuse or focal) and the part of the brain that is affected. [40] Unconsciousness tends to last longer for people with injuries on the left side of the brain than for those with injuries on the right. [15] Symptoms are also dependent on the injury's severity.
Skull x-ray or CT scanning is used if neurological symptoms appear. These measurements are also used if concomitant depressed skull fracture is a possibility. Usual management is mainly observation. Phototherapy may be necessary if blood accumulation is significant leading to jaundice. Rarely, anaemia can develop needing blood transfusion.
A basilar skull fracture as a cause can give the sign of CSF leakage from the ear, nose or mouth. [4] A lumbar puncture can give the symptom of a post-dural-puncture headache. A cerebrospinal fluid leak can be either cranial or spinal, and these are two different disorders. [5]
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force released a draft recommendation advising against using vitamin D to prevent falls and fractures in people over 60. Pharmacist Katy Dubinsky weighs in.
A catastrophic injury is a severe injury to the spine, spinal cord, or brain. [1] It may also include skull or spinal fractures. [2] This is a subset of the definition for the legal term catastrophic injury, which is based on the definition used by the American Medical Association.