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  2. Percolation test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percolation_test

    A percolation test consists of digging one or more holes in the soil of the proposed leach field to a specified depth, presoaking the holes by maintaining a high water level in the holes, then running the test by filling the holes to a specific level and timing the drop of the water level as the water percolates into the surrounding soil.

  3. Septic drain field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septic_drain_field

    A septic drain field, a septic tank, and associated piping compose a septic system. The drain field typically consists of an arrangement of trenches containing perforated pipes and porous material (often gravel) covered by a layer of soil to prevent animals (and surface runoff) from reaching the wastewater distributed within those trenches. [1]

  4. Drainage equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_equation

    the permissible long term average depth of the water table (Dw) on the basis of agricultural drainage criteria; the soil's hydraulic conductivity (Ka and Kb) by measurements; the depth of the bottom of the aquifer (Di) the design drain spacing (L) can be found from the equation in dependence of the drain depth (Dd) and drain radius (r ...

  5. Field capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_capacity

    Field capacity is characterized by measuring water content after wetting a soil profile, covering it (to prevent evaporation), and monitoring the change soil moisture in the profile. A relatively low rate of change indicates when macropore drainage ceases, which is called Field Capacity; it is also termed drained upper limit (DUL).

  6. Well drainage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well_drainage

    The depth is selected in accordance to aquifer properties. The well filter must be placed in a permeable soil layer. The spacing can be calculated with a well spacing equation using discharge, aquifer properties, well depth and optimal depth of the water table. The determination of the optimum depth of the water table is the realm of drainage ...

  7. Oedometer test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedometer_test

    The results from these tests are used to predict how a soil in the field will deform in response to a change in effective stress. Oedometer tests are designed to simulate the one-dimensional deformation and drainage conditions that soils experience in the field. The soil sample in an oedometer test is typically a circular disc of diameter-to ...

  8. Drainage system (agriculture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_system_(agriculture)

    The main drainage systems consist of deep or shallow collectors, and main drains or disposal drains. Deep collector drains are required for subsurface field drainage systems, whereas shallow collector drains are used for surface field drainage systems, but they can also be used for pumped subsurface systems.

  9. Watershed delineation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watershed_delineation

    Watershed delineation is the process of identifying the boundary of a watershed, also referred to as a catchment, drainage basin, or river basin.It is an important step in many areas of environmental science, engineering, and management, for example to study flooding, aquatic habitat, or water pollution.

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