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  2. Kalam cosmological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalam_cosmological_argument

    In a 2020 interview, Craig proposed that the Kalam cosmological argument could be adapted to the B-theory of time by: [90] Abandoning the metaphysical argument against forming an actual infinity by successive addition. Modifying the causal premise (replacing its appeal to the concept of 'coming into being' with the concept of 'beginning to exist').

  3. The Kalām Cosmological Argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kalām_Cosmological...

    The Kalām Cosmological Argument is a 1979 book by the philosopher William Lane Craig, in which the author offers a contemporary defense of the Kalām cosmological argument and argues for the existence of God, with an emphasis on the alleged metaphysical impossibility of an infinite regress of past events. First, Craig argues that the universe ...

  4. Cosmological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_argument

    A cosmological argument can also sometimes be referred to as an argument from universal causation, an argument from first cause, the causal argument or the prime mover argument. The concept of causation is a principal underpinning idea in all cosmological arguments, particularly in affirming the necessity for a First Cause .

  5. Cosmology in the Muslim world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmology_in_the_Muslim_world

    The two arguments used against an actual infinite past include arguments against the possible existence of an actual infinite and arguments against the possibility of arriving to an infinite sum by successive addition. The second argument was especially popularized in the work of Immanuel Kant.

  6. William Lane Craig - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lane_Craig

    [a] [56] [57] While the Kalam originated in medieval Islamic philosophy, Craig added appeals to scientific and philosophical ideas in the argument's defense. [6] Craig's work has resulted in contemporary interest in the argument, and in cosmological arguments in general. [58] [59] [60] Craig formulates his version of the argument as follows:

  7. Kalam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalam

    Ilm al-kalam [a] or ilm al-lahut, [b] often shortened to kalam, is the scholastic, speculative, or rational study of Islamic theology . [2] It can also be defined as the science that studies the fundamental doctrines of Islamic faith ( usul al-din ), proving their validity, or refuting doubts regarding them. [ 3 ]

  8. Moral Injury: The Recruits - The ... - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/projects/moral...

    “And Schiano is leaning against wall, just sobbing,” recalled Canty, who was Schiano’s squadmate at the time. “The thing is, you couldn’t have known.” But as Canty himself often says, once you know the truth of war, you can’t un-know it. After that tour in Afghanistan, Schiano left the Marine Corps and went home to Connecticut.

  9. Existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence_of_God

    Islamic philosophers who developed arguments for the existence of God comprise Averroes, who made arguments influenced by Aristotle's concept of the unmoved mover; Al-Ghazali and Al-Kindi, who presented the Kalam cosmological argument; Avicenna, who presented the Proof of the Truthful; and Al-Farabi, who made Neoplatonic arguments.