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The testicles are two gonads that produce sperm by meiotic division of germ cells within the seminiferous tubules, [1] and synthesize and secrete androgens that regulate the male reproductive functions. The site of production of androgens is the Leydig cells that are located in the interstitium between seminiferous tubules. [1]
Androgens are synthesized in the testes, the ovaries, and the adrenal glands. Androgens increase in both males and females during puberty. [3] The major androgen in males is testosterone. [4] Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androstenedione are of equal importance in male development. [4] DHT in utero causes differentiation of the penis, scrotum ...
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. [4] In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.
Sertoli cells function to nourish the developing sperm cells. They secrete androgen-binding protein, a binding protein which increases the concentration of testosterone. There are two types: convoluted and straight, convoluted toward the lateral side, and straight as the tubule comes medially to form ducts that will exit the testis.
The scrotum is in a tense state to regulate testicular temperatures. Major secondary sexual characteristics include a larger, more muscular stature, deepened voice, facial and body hair, broad shoulders, and the development of an Adam's apple. [5] An important sexual hormone of males is androgen, particularly testosterone. [6]
The tunica albuginea is a dense, [1] [2] blue-white [3] layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the testis. [1] [4] It is the middle of three envelopes forming the capsule of the testis; it is deep to the visceral layer of tunica vaginalis, and superficial to the tunica vasculosa testis (vascular layer of testis).
More specifically, androgenetic alopecia is caused by a genetic sensitivity to an androgen called DHT. Your body creates DHT as a byproduct of testosterone, the main androgen hormone in the male body.
About 10% of boys with the tumour have gynecomastia. [12] Although a Leydig cell tumour is always benign in children, it is malignant in 10% to 15% of adults. [12] It is the most common testicular cancer of non-germ cell origin. [13] Sonography may be used to identify cystic areas, but it is unable to tell benign tumours apart from malignant ...