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  2. Expectancy violations theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectancy_violations_theory

    Expectancy violations theory (EVT) is a theory of communication that analyzes how individuals respond to unanticipated violations of social norms and expectations. [1] The theory was proposed by Judee K. Burgoon in the late 1970s and continued through the 1980s and 1990s as "nonverbal expectancy violations theory", based on Burgoon's research studying proxemics.

  3. Overconfidence effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overconfidence_effect

    The data show that confidence systematically exceeds accuracy, implying people are more sure that they are correct than they deserve to be. If human confidence had perfect calibration, judgments with 100% confidence would be correct 100% of the time, 90% confidence correct 90% of the time, and so on for the other levels of confidence.

  4. Observer-expectancy effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer-expectancy_effect

    The experimenter may introduce cognitive bias into a study in several ways ‍ — ‍ in the observer-expectancy effect, the experimenter may subtly communicate their expectations for the outcome of the study to the participants, causing them to alter their behavior to conform to those expectations. Such observer bias effects are near ...

  5. Expectation (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectation_(philosophy)

    Irving Kirsch, a renowned psychological researcher, writes about "response-expectancies" which are: expectations about non-volitional responses.For example, science commonly takes into account "placebo-effects" when testing for new drugs, against subjects expectations of those drugs: for example, if you expect to receive a drug that may help with depression, and you feel better after taking it ...

  6. OBJE: Phantasmic Feedback Exceeds Expectations - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/2013-01-02-obje-phantasmic...

    OBJE: Phantasmic Feedback Exceeds Expectations SARASOTA, Fla.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Early feedback on Phantasmic has exceeded expectations, and OBJ Enterprises (OTCBB: OBJE) expects the trend to ...

  7. Pygmalion effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pygmalion_effect

    The behavior a leader directs at an employee can affect employee behavior consistent with the leader's expectations. Leader expectations of an employee may alter leader behavior. [ 18 ] For example, a leader may expect an employee to be engaged in learning activities and in turn, the employee may engage in more learning, consistent with the ...

  8. 50 Examples Of Wild Tipping Expectations That Left ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/tip-self-checkout-50-absurd...

    The post 50 Examples Of Wild Tipping Expectations That Left People Reeling first appeared on Bored Panda. Over the years, tipping culture has gotten out of hand, with the option to tip being ...

  9. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Fundamental attribution error, the tendency for people to overemphasize personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while under-emphasizing the role and power of situational influences on the same behavior [115] (see also actor-observer bias, group attribution error, positivity effect, and negativity effect).