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The placenta (pl.: placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation.It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate maternal and fetal circulations, and is an important endocrine organ, producing hormones that regulate both maternal and fetal ...
The form of the human placenta is generally classified as a discoid placenta. Within this, the cotyledons are the approximately 15-25 separations of the decidua basalis of the placenta, separated by placental septa. [3] Each cotyledon consists of a main stem of a chorionic villus as well as its branches and sub-branches. [3]
The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 kg) to over 100 pounds (45 kg).
Pelvimetry is the measurement of the female pelvis. [1] It can theoretically identify cephalo-pelvic disproportion, which is when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal.
Fundal height, or McDonald's rule, is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. It is measured from the top of ...
The part of the ovary where the funiculus attaches is referred to as the placenta. In botany, the term placentation most commonly refers to the arrangement of ovules inside an ovary. Placentation types include: Basal: The placenta is found in mono to multi carpellary, syncarpous ovary. Usually a single ovule is attached at the base (bottom).
A change in the composition of the microbiota in the placenta is associated with excess gestational weight gain, and pre-term birth. [10] The placental microbiota varies between low birth weight infants and those infants with normal birth weights. [13]
Immediately after delivery, the fundus of the uterus begins to contract. This is to deliver the placenta which can take up to 30 minutes and may involve a feeling of chills. [8] In a normal and healthy response it should feel firm and not boggy. It begins to involute with contractions of the smooth muscle of the uterus. It will contract midline ...