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Vitrified tile is a ceramic tile with very low porosity. [1] It is an alternative to marble and granite flooring. Vitrified tiles are often used outdoors due to their water and frost resistance. There are four types of Vitrified tiles - Soluble salt, Double charge, Full Body, and Glazed.
Density system unit unit-code symbol or abbrev. notes sample default conversion combination output units Metric: kilogram per cubic metre: kg/m3 kg/m 3: 1.0 kg/m 3 (1.7 lb/cu yd)
Porcelain tiles can be vitrified to reduce their porosity and increase their strength. Vitrified porcelain tiles are created by combining clay with other elements such as quartz, silica, or feldspar under incredibly high temperatures. The vitrification process creates porcelain tiles that contain a glass substrate.
[11] [12] [13] An example is by ASTM, who state "The term vitreous generally signifies less than 0.5% absorption, except for floor and wall tile and low-voltage electrical insulators, which are considered vitreous up to 3% water absorption." [14] Pottery can be made impermeable to water by glazing or by vitrification.
Vitreous china’s density post vitrification ranges from 1.83 to 2.48 grams per cubic centimetre. [13] Its Poisson ratio is 0.5. [ 11 ] Its flexural strength is 400-800 kgf/cm 2 .
The ISO 13006 defines a "porcelain tile" as a "fully vitrified tile with water absorption less than or equal to 0.5%, belonging to groups AIa and BIa (of ISO 13006).". [19] The ANSI defines as "a ceramic tile that has 'a water absorption of 0.5%' or less.” It is made generally by the pressed or extruded method." [20]
— "Values ranging from 21.3 to 21.5 gm/cm 3 at 20 °C have been reported for the density of annealed platinum; the best value being about 21.45 gm/cm 3 at 20 °C." 21.46 g/cm 3 — Rose, T. Kirke. The Precious Metals, Comprising Gold, Silver and Platinum .
They differ between full clinker (KMz) with a density of 2.0 to 2.2 kg/dm 3 (120 to 140 lb/cu ft) and high hole clinker (KHLz) with a density of 1.6 to 1.8 kg/dm 3 (100 to 112 lb/cu ft). Because of their low porosity, clinker bricks are inferior thermal insulators, compared to normal bricks.