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Programmers should work to develop computer systems that can reduce negative consequences to society, such as threats to safety and health, and that can make everyday activities and work easier. It is “an obligation to develop to high standards” (Savage). [4] Avoid harm to others. Computer systems have an indirect impact on third parties.
In their essay "Law and Borders – The Rise of Law in Cyberspace", from 2008, David R. Johnson and David G. Post argue that territorially-based law-making and law-enforcing authorities find this new environment deeply threatening and give a scientific voice to the idea that became necessary for the Internet to govern itself. Instead of obeying ...
The book has been widely cited, and Lessig has repeatedly achieved top places on lists of most-cited law school faculty. [5] [6] It has been called "the most influential book to date about law and cyberspace", [7] "seminal", [8] and in a critical essay on the book's 10th anniversary, author Declan McCullagh (subject of the chapter "What Declan Doesn't Get") said it was "difficult to overstate ...
A P-program is written to implement certain procedures that completely determine what the program can do (the example mentioned is a program to play chess) An E -program is written to perform some real-world activity; how it should behave is strongly linked to the environment in which it runs, and such a program needs to adapt to varying ...
Computer ethics is a part of practical philosophy concerned with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. [1]Margaret Anne Pierce, a professor in the Department of Mathematics and Computers at Georgia Southern University has categorized the ethical decisions related to computer technology and usage into three primary influences: [2]
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages.
The law is unclear as to whether transient copies – such as those cached when transmitting digital content, or temporary copies in a computer's RAM – are “fixed” for the purposes of copyright law. [12] The Ninth Circuit has held that “A derivative work must be fixed to be protected under the Act, but not to infringe.” [13] In Apple v.
Computational Law is the branch of legal informatics concerned with the automation of legal reasoning. [1] [2] What distinguishes Computational Law systems from other instances of legal technology is their autonomy, i.e. the ability to answer legal questions without additional input from human legal experts.