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[2] [6] It may be supported by blood ammonia levels, an electroencephalogram, or computer tomography (CT scan) of the brain. [4] [6] Hepatic encephalopathy is possibly reversible with treatment. [1] This typically involves supportive care and addressing the triggers of the event. [4] Lactulose is frequently used to decrease ammonia levels. [1]
[4] [14] GS, in the brain, is found primarily in astrocytes. [15] Astrocytes protect neurons against excitotoxicity by taking up excess ammonia and glutamate. [14] In hyperammonemic environments (high levels of ammonia), astroglial swelling occurs. [14] [16] [17] Different perspectives have approached the problem of astroglial swelling.
Males with mild cognitive impairment tend to show more microstructural damage than females with MCI, but seem to have a greater cognitive reserve due to larger absolute brain size and neuronal density. As a result, women tend to manifest symptoms of cognitive decline at lower thresholds than men do. [107] This effect seems to be moderated by ...
A new study found the biggest risk factors and predictors at 60 for dementia at 80. Neurologists weigh in on the research and share ways to prevent dementia.
As we age, our brain experiences both structural and functional changes. Over time, this can cause a decline in cognitive abilities, memory, and even emotional regulation. Certain lifestyle ...
The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy, biological anthropology, animal science and evolution.Measuring brain size and cranial capacity is relevant both to humans and other animals, and can be done by weight or volume via MRI scans, by skull volume, or by neuroimaging intelligence testing.
When you have healthy sleep, the glymphatic system in your brain—which pumps out waste products—is more active and efficient, Winter explains. But on the flip side, when you have poor sleep ...
Brain size usually increases with body size in animals (i.e. large animals usually have larger brains than smaller animals); [4] the relationship is not, however, linear. Small mammals such as mice may have a brain/body ratio similar to humans, while elephants have a comparatively lower brain/body ratio. [4] [5]