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Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. Two approaches can be distinguished: A direct pattern recognition of sensor readings that indicate a fault and an analysis ...
A fault plane is the plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault. A fault trace or fault line is a place where the fault can be seen or mapped on the surface. A fault trace is also the line commonly plotted on geologic maps to represent a fault. [3] [4] A fault zone is a cluster of parallel faults.
Dip is defined as the angle of the fault relative to the surface of the earth, which indicates the plane on which slip will occur. Lastly, in any non-vertical fault, the block above the fault is called the hanging wall, while the blockbelow the fault is called the footwall. [4] Normal and reverse dip-slip faults with labeled hanging wall and ...
Quaternary faults are those active faults that have been recognized at the surface and which have evidence of movement during the Quaternary Period. [3] Related geological disciplines for active-fault studies include geomorphology, seismology, reflection seismology, plate tectonics, geodetics and remote sensing, risk analysis, and others. [2]
Here is the science behind the cause and the Ramapo Fault. New Jersey experienced a 4.8 magnitude earthquake, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Here is the science behind the cause and the ...
A random fault occurs as a result of wear or other deterioration. Since deterioration progresses somewhat randomly, predicting when a particular unit will develop a fault is not possible. But the rate at which a particular fault occurs among a large number of units often can be predicted with significant accuracy.
There is a difference between fault tolerance and systems that rarely have problems. For instance, the Western Electric crossbar systems had failure rates of two hours per forty years, and therefore were highly fault resistant. But when a fault did occur they still stopped operating completely, and therefore were not fault tolerant.
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