Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a medical condition that occurs when all or part of the placenta attaches abnormally to the myometrium (the muscular layer of the uterine wall) during pregnancy. This condition was first documented in medical literature in 1927. [ 1 ]
Placenta praevia or placenta previa is when the placenta attaches inside the uterus but in a position near or over the cervical opening. [1] Symptoms include vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy. [1] The bleeding is bright red and tends not to be associated with pain. [1]
Velamentous cord insertion occurs in between 0.1%-1.8% of all pregnancies, [6] and is eight to ten times more frequent in multiple pregnancies. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 12 ] This risk is doubled in the case of monochorionic twins, and tripled in the case of fetal growth restriction. [ 1 ]
Histopathology of placenta with increased syncytial knotting of chorionic villi, with two knots pointed out. The following characteristics of placentas have been said to be associated with placental insufficiency, however all of them occur in normal healthy placentas and full term healthy births, so none of them can be used to accurately diagnose placental insufficiency: [citation needed]
An impaired placenta cannot support the pregnancy and this may lead to the loss of a chromosomally normal baby. [5] On the other hand, an apparently normal diploid fetus may experience problems with growth or development due to the effects of uniparental disomy (UPD).
Vasa praevia or vasa previa is a complication of obstetrics in which fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal opening of the uterus.Since these vessels are not protected by the umbilical cord or placental tissue, the rupture of the fetal membranes during birth causes them also to rupture, leading rapidly to death of the fetus.
In obstetrics, a cephalic presentation or head presentation or head-first presentation is a situation at childbirth where the fetus is in a longitudinal lie and the head enters the pelvis first; the most common form of cephalic presentation is the vertex presentation, where the occiput is the leading part (the part that first enters the birth canal). [1]
[1] [2] Ischemic placental disease leads to the attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall to become under-perfused, causing uteroplacental ischemia. Where the term overarches the pathology associated with preeclampsia , placental abruptions and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). [ 3 ]