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Calcium chloride was apparently discovered in the 15th century but wasn't studied properly until the 18th century. [11] It was historically called "fixed sal ammoniac" (Latin: sal ammoniacum fixum [12]) because it was synthesized during the distillation of ammonium chloride with lime and was nonvolatile (while the former appeared to sublime); in more modern times (18th-19th cc.) it was called ...
Calcium chloride (CaCl 2) is a salt that is marketed in pellet form for removing dampness from rooms. Calcium chloride is also used for maintaining unpaved roads and for fortifying roadbases for new construction. In addition, calcium chloride is widely used as a de-icer, since it is effective in lowering the melting point when applied to ice. [23]
The situation for calcium is more complicated. Neutron diffraction data gave a solvation number for calcium chloride, CaCl 2, which is strongly dependent on concentration: 10.0 ± 0.6 at 1 mol·dm −3, decreasing to 6.4 ± 0.3 at 2.8 mol·dm −3. The enthalpy of solvation decreases with increasing ionic radius.
Calcium(I) chloride (CaCl) is a diatomic molecule observed in certain gases. [1] A solid with the composition CaCl was reported in 1953; [2] however, later efforts to ...
It is an aluminized (powdered aluminum) explosive having the same order of sensitivity as Composition B. [1]Tests indicate that it is about 98% to 100% as powerful as Torpex, that it is definitely less sensitive than Torpex in both laboratory impact and bullet impact, that it is slightly more sensitive in these respects than TNT, and that it is about the same order as Composition B. [2]
Calcium chloride treatment is generally used for the transformation of E. coli and other bacteria. [11] It enhances plasmid DNA incorporation by the bacterial cell, promoting genetic transformation. Plasmid DNA can attach to LPS by being added to the cell solution together with CaCl 2. [12]
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For chloride ions (Cl −) the sign of the constant must be reversed (−61.54 mV). If calculating the equilibrium potential for calcium (Ca 2+) the 2+ charge halves the simplified constant to 30.77 mV.