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  2. Backward differentiation formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_differentiation...

    The backward differentiation formula (BDF) is a family of implicit methods for the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations.They are linear multistep methods that, for a given function and time, approximate the derivative of that function using information from already computed time points, thereby increasing the accuracy of the approximation.

  3. Newton polynomial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_polynomial

    Newton's form has the simplicity that the new points are always added at one end: Newton's forward formula can add new points to the right, and Newton's backward formula can add new points to the left. The accuracy of polynomial interpolation depends on how close the interpolated point is to the middle of the x values of the set of points used ...

  4. Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_methods_for...

    For example, the second-order equation y′′ = −y can be rewritten as two first-order equations: y′ = z and z′ = −y. In this section, we describe numerical methods for IVPs, and remark that boundary value problems (BVPs) require a different set of tools.

  5. Explicit and implicit methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_and_implicit_methods

    In the vast majority of cases, the equation to be solved when using an implicit scheme is much more complicated than a quadratic equation, and no analytical solution exists. Then one uses root-finding algorithms, such as Newton's method, to find the numerical solution. Crank-Nicolson method. With the Crank-Nicolson method

  6. Numerical differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_differentiation

    This expression is Newton's difference quotient (also known as a first-order divided difference). The slope of this secant line differs from the slope of the tangent line by an amount that is approximately proportional to h. As h approaches zero, the slope of the secant line approaches the slope of the tangent line.

  7. Linear multistep method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_multistep_method

    Iterative methods such as Newton's method are often used to solve the implicit formula. Sometimes an explicit multistep method is used to "predict" the value of +. That value is then used in an implicit formula to "correct" the value. The result is a predictor–corrector method.

  8. Polynomial interpolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynomial_interpolation

    The original use of interpolation polynomials was to approximate values of important transcendental functions such as natural logarithm and trigonometric functions.Starting with a few accurately computed data points, the corresponding interpolation polynomial will approximate the function at an arbitrary nearby point.

  9. Finite difference method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_difference_method

    For example, consider the ordinary differential equation ′ = + The Euler method for solving this equation uses the finite difference quotient (+) ′ to approximate the differential equation by first substituting it for u'(x) then applying a little algebra (multiplying both sides by h, and then adding u(x) to both sides) to get (+) + (() +).