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Acoustic droplet ejection was first reported in 1927 by Robert W. Wood and Alfred Loomis, [1] who noted that when a high-power acoustic generator was immersed in an oil bath, a mound formed on the surface of the oil and, like a "miniature volcano", ejected a continuous stream of droplets.
In small features rendered possible through microfluidics, however, the amplification of a single molecule will be confined within a volume ranging anywhere from nanoliters to picoliters. [13] An amplified signal has the potential to grow in intensity above the limit of detection in these small volumes, thus allowing for single-molecule studies ...
The litre (Commonwealth spelling) or liter (American spelling) (SI symbols L and l, [1] other symbol used: ℓ) is a metric unit of volume. It is equal to 1 cubic decimetre (dm 3 ), 1000 cubic centimetres (cm 3 ) or 0.001 cubic metres (m 3 ).
Acoustic droplet ejection– (ADE) uses a pulse of ultrasound to move low volumes of fluids (typically nanoliters or picoliters) without any physical contact. This technology focuses acoustic energy into a fluid sample in order to eject droplets as small as a picoliter .
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Microfluidics refers to a system that manipulates a small amount of fluids (10 −9 to 10 −18 liters) using small channels with sizes of ten to hundreds of micrometres. It is a multidisciplinary field that involves molecular analysis, molecular biology , and microelectronics . [ 1 ]
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The picometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: pm) or picometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 × 10 −12 m, or one trillionth ( 1 / 1 000 000 000 000 ) of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length.