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  2. Mammalian kidney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian_kidney

    Among the anomalies of kidney development are hypoplasia and dysplasia of the kidneys (dysplasia can be unilateral or bilateral), agenesis (absence) of one or both kidneys, polycystic kidney disease, simple renal cysts, perirenal pseudocysts, doubled or tripled renal arteries, malposition of the kidneys, horseshoe kidney and nephroblastoma.

  3. Renal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology

    This illustration demonstrates the normal kidney physiology, including the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT), Loop of Henle, and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT). It also includes illustrations showing where some types of diuretics act, and what they do. Renal physiology (Latin renes, "kidneys") is the study of the physiology of the kidney.

  4. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    One of the measures of kidney function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Other tests that can assess the function of the kidneys include assessment of electrolyte levels such as potassium and phosphate, assessment of acid-base status by the measurement of bicarbonate levels from a vein, and assessment of the full blood count for anaemia.

  5. Kidney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney

    Nephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include CKD, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. Urology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy : these include cancer , renal cysts , kidney stones and ureteral stones , and urinary tract obstruction .

  6. Renal hypoplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_hypoplasia

    The surface of the kidney has a pelvic recess and one or more transverse cortical grooves, presumed to be a failed formation of a renal lobe. The renal parenchyma next to the hypoplastic part of the kidney is seemingly normal; however, it can undergo hypertrophy, making the grooves more noticeable. [citation needed]

  7. Renal pelvis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_pelvis

    [citation needed] A large "staghorn" kidney stone may block all or part of the renal pelvis. The size of the renal pelvis plays a major role in the grading of hydronephrosis . Normally, the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis is less than 4 mm in fetuses up to 32 weeks of gestational age and 7 mm afterwards. [ 2 ]

  8. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    The kidney has many functions, which a well-functioning kidney realizes by filtering blood in a process known as glomerular filtration. A major measure of kidney function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The glomerular filtration rate is the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney.

  9. Nutcracker syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutcracker_syndrome

    Renal autotransplantation: transfer of a kidney from its original location into the body to another location to prevent venous compression. [6] LRV transposition is the most common procedure done followed by renal autotransplantation and LRV bypass. [6] In all cases for open procedures, data is limited for long term follow-up. With respect to ...