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Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life, [ 9 ] and off-label to treat alcohol use disorder [ 10 ] [ 11 ] or opioid withdrawal symptoms. [ 12 ]
Baclofen [65] or tizanidine are sometimes used as an alternative to benzodiazepines. Tizanidine has been found to have superior tolerability compared to diazepam and baclofen. [66] Benzodiazepines are also used to treat the acute panic caused by hallucinogen intoxication. [67]
Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic. [14] It is used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety , seizures , alcohol withdrawal syndrome , muscle spasms , insomnia , and restless legs syndrome . [ 14 ]
The tables below contain a sample list of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine analogs that are commonly prescribed, with their basic pharmacological characteristics, such as half-life and equivalent doses to other benzodiazepines, also listed, along with their trade names and primary uses.
Ro 19-4603 is an inverse agonist at the benzodiazepine binding site. Due to this, it has effects similar to other benzodiazepine inverse agonists, notably: anxiogenesis [2] and convulsions.
[27] [28] Furthermore, several clinical trials indicate that tizanidine has a similar efficacy to other spasmolytic agents, such as diazepam and baclofen, with a different spectrum of adverse effects. [29] The hydantoin derivative dantrolene is a spasmolytic agent with a unique mechanism of action outside of the CNS.
[69] [70] Baclofen withdrawal can be more intense if it is administered intrathecally or for long periods of time. If baclofen or phenibut is used for long periods of time, it can resemble intense benzodiazepine, GHB, or alcohol withdrawal. To minimize withdrawal symptoms, baclofen or phenibut should be tapered down slowly.
This is a list of psychiatric medications used by psychiatrists and other physicians to treat mental illness or distress.. The list is ordered alphabetically according to the condition or conditions, then by the generic name of each medication.
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