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The "Old Order" (1950–1965) in Indonesia has long been understood to be a period of turmoil and crisis, characterized by rebellions and political unrest. The weakness of Indonesia's democracy and its gradual transition to authoritarianism during the Old Order can be attributed to conventional modernization theory, which suggests that without strong socioeconomic structures, successful ...
People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism), an ideological concept conceived by communist parties in the aftermath of World War II; People's Democracy (Ireland), a defunct political party in Northern Ireland; People's Democracy, weekly publication of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) People's Multiparty Democracy, the ideological line of the ...
People's democracy is a theoretical concept of Marxism–Leninism that advocates the establishment of a multi-class and multi-party democracy during the transition from capitalism to socialism. People's democracy was developed after World War II and implemented in a number of European and Asian countries as a result of the people's democratic ...
Indonesia, [c] officially the Republic of Indonesia, [d] is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands , including Sumatra , Java , Sulawesi , and parts of Borneo and New Guinea .
Kebangsaan Indonesia: Indonesian patriotism; inclusion of all people living in Indonesia Internasionalisme : Internationalism emphasizing justice and the virtue of humanity , Musyawarah Mufakat : Deliberative consensus emphasizing a form of representative democracy in which ethnic dominance is absent and each member of the council possesses ...
In a direct democracy, the people have the direct authority to deliberate and decide legislation. In a representative democracy, the people choose governing officials through elections to do so. The definition of "the people" and the ways authority is shared among them or delegated by them have changed over time and at varying rates in ...
Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field, dedicated to understanding politics, politicians and political behavior from a psychological perspective, and psychological processes using socio-political perspectives. [1]
The first people's republics that came into existence were those formed following the Russian Revolution. Ukraine was briefly declared a people's republic in 1917. [15] The Khanate of Khiva [16] and the Emirate of Bukhara, [17] both territories of the former Russian Empire, were transformed into people's republics in 1920.