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The Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe (BGA, Bach Gesellschaft edition) kept the chorale settings that were part of a larger vocal work (cantata, motet, Passion or oratorio) together with these larger vocal works and added the Three Wedding Chorales to its 13th volume containing wedding cantatas. The remaining separate four-part chorales, purged from ...
Title page of the 1740s first edition of the Schübler Chorales. Sechs Chorale von verschiedener Art: auf einer Orgel mit 2 Clavieren und Pedal vorzuspielen (lit. 'six chorales of diverse kinds, to be played on an organ with two manuals and pedal'), commonly known as the Schübler Chorales (German: Schübler-Choräle), BWV 645–650, is a set of chorale preludes composed by Johann Sebastian Bach.
The Prelude in F minor of The Well-Tempered Clavier book 1, in the BGA known as Vol. 14, p. 44, over eighty years before it was given the number 857 in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis. In the 2nd half of the 19th century the Bach-Gesellschaft (BG) published all Bach's works in around 50 volumes, the so-called Bach Gesellschaft Ausgabe (BGA). [3]
Bach's duties as an organist included accompanying congregational singing, and he was familiar with the Lutheran hymns. Some of Bach's earliest church cantatas include chorale settings, although he usually incorporates them into just one or two movements. Hymn stanzas are most typically included in his cantatas as the closing four-part chorale.
Name of the chorale prelude, by J. S. Bach unless otherwise indicated Work page at Bach Digital website: 2 BWV Number of the composition in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis: Description of the chorale prelude 3 Zahn Zahn number of the hymn tune used in the chorale prelude. [18] Description of the Lutheran hymn or tune: 4 Other
The court chapel at the Schloss in Weimar where Bach was court organist. The organ loft is visible at the top of the picture. Early versions of almost all the chorale preludes are thought to date back to 1710–1714, during the period 1708–1717 when Bach served as court organist and Konzertmeister (director of music) in Weimar, at the court of Wilhelm Ernst, Duke of Saxe-Weimar. [2]
In Bach's time figural music referred to more advanced vocal church music, usually accompanied by instrumental forces, such as his motets, church cantatas and passions. [1] The vocal and instrumental forces used by Bach for the performance of such music are to a certain extent documented for all the periods of his life.
The melodies of such hymns often appeared in cantatas, for example as in the four-part settings concluding Bach's works, or as a cantus firmus in larger choral movements. Other occasions for church cantatas include weddings and funeral services. The genre was later taken up by composers such as Felix Mendelssohn.