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Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have numerous, potentially serious, side effects, such as retinopathy, hypoglycemia, or life-threatening arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy. [26] Both drugs have extensive interactions with prescription drugs, affecting the therapeutic dose and disease mitigation.
Chloroquine has been extensively used in mass drug administrations, which may have contributed to the emergence and spread of resistance. It is recommended to check if chloroquine is still effective in the region prior to using it. [11] In areas where resistance is present, other antimalarials, such as mefloquine or atovaquone, may be used instead.
Hydroxychloroquine, sold under the brand name Plaquenil among others, is a medication used to prevent and treat malaria in areas where malaria remains sensitive to chloroquine. Other uses include treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and porphyria cutanea tarda. It is taken by mouth, often in the form of hydroxychloroquine sulfate. [3]
In March 2020 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use authorization allowing hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine to be used to treat certain severely ill Covid-19 patients.
One of the most notable scientific papers that first popularized hydroxychloroquine as a COVID-19 treatment was retracted from its journal due to ethical and methodological issues. Retractions in ...
A World Health Organization infographic that states that hydroxychloroquine does not prevent illness or death from COVID-19. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are anti-malarial medications also used against some auto-immune diseases. [54] Chloroquine, along with hydroxychloroquine, was an early experimental treatment for COVID-19. [55]
Examples include amodiaquine, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine. [3] Other uses for the derivatives are: anti-asthmatic, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents. [1] A patent application for 4-aminoquinoline compounds was filed in 2002 and published in 2005. [4]
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