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Antigen-antibody interaction, or antigen-antibody reaction, is a specific chemical interaction between antibodies produced by B cells of the white blood cells and antigens during immune reaction. The antigens and antibodies combine by a process called agglutination.
Agglutinogen is an antigen [1] that causes the formation of agglutinins in the body and leads to agglutination, such as hemagglutination, which involves red blood cells (RBCs). The kind of agglutinogens present on the red blood cells helps determine the blood type of a person.
Thus, he discovered two antigens (agglutinogens A and B) and two antibodies (agglutinins — anti-A and anti-B). His third group (C) indicated absence of both A and B antigens, but contains anti-A and anti-B. [ 10 ] The following year, his students Adriano Sturli and Alfred von Decastello discovered the fourth type (but not naming it, and ...
Agglutinin might also be associated with diseases of which the most common is an autoimmune disease known as cold agglutinin disease. In cold agglutinin disease, the body produces agglutinins or antibodies that coagulate erythrocytes and lyse them at room temperature or lower.
Blood compatibility testing is routinely performed before a blood transfusion.The full compatibility testing process involves ABO and RhD (Rh factor) typing; screening for antibodies against other blood group systems; and crossmatching, which involves testing the recipient's blood plasma against the donor's red blood cells as a final check for incompatibility.
This image explains agglutination in the blood. Agglutination is the clumping of particles. The word agglutination comes from the Latin agglutinare (glueing to).. Agglutination is a reaction in which particles (as red blood cells or bacteria) suspended in a liquid collect into clumps usually as a response to a specific antibody.
Red cell agglutination in a patient with cold agglutinin disease. In hematology, red cell agglutination or autoagglutination is a phenomenon in which red blood cells clump together, forming aggregates. It is caused by the surface of the red cells being coated with antibodies.
Heterophile antibody interference does not usually change linearly with serial dilution, but a true result typically will. This is one strategy for heterophile antibody detection. However, there are cases where heterophilic antibodies will give a linear response to dilutions, as well as immunoassays that do not change linearly upon dilution ...