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With NAT tested blood, these patients live longer and maintain their quality of life. [4] The blood centre is designed to expand in a modular manner to accommodate 150,000 units of blood per annum. About 125,000 blood and blood components are distributed annually. The centre launched its Thalassemia Eradication Program in January 2009. [5] [6]
β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced; β thalassemia minor is caused by a β/β o or β/β + genotype. Only one of the two β globin alleles contains a mutation, so β chain production is not terribly compromised and patients may be relatively asymptomatic.
Thalassemia patients may also be faced with potential oxidative damage to brain cells as the brain has high oxygen demands, but contains relatively low levels of antioxidant agents for protection against oxidation. The presence of excess iron in the brain may lead to higher concentrations of free radicals.
For management decisions and clinical trial eligibility, the categories of transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) are used. Patients are usually considered as having NTDT if they have received fewer than 6 red blood cell units in the past 6 months and none in the preceding 2 months. [18]
Anemia experienced by some thalassemia intermedia patients are also regarded transfusion dependent. Therefore, most transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients can be diagnosed within the first few years of life, which severe anemia, differed growth, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly can be observed. Parameters for confirmation includes baseline ...
Microcytic anaemia; Microcytosis is the presence of red cells that are smaller than normal. Normal adult red cell has a diameter of 7.2 µm. Microcytes are common seen in with hypochromia in iron-deficiency anaemia, thalassaemia trait, congenital sideroblastic anaemia and sometimes in anaemia of chronic diseases.
Hemoglobin variants can be discovered through examination, routine laboratory testing, or evaluation of patients with severe anemia. [3] In some countries, all newborns are tested for hemoglobinopathies, thalassemias, and HbS. Isoelectric focusing or high-performance liquid chromatography are used to identify structural abnormalities in hemoglobin.
Alpha-thalassemia (α-thalassemia, α-thalassaemia) is a form of thalassemia involving the genes HBA1 [5] and HBA2. [6] Thalassemias are a group of inherited blood conditions which result in the impaired production of hemoglobin , the molecule that carries oxygen in the blood. [ 7 ]