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2. Doppler broadening - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_broadening

   A particular case is the thermal Doppler broadening due to the thermal motion of the particles. Then, the broadening depends only on the frequency of the spectral line, the mass of the emitting particles, and their temperature , and therefore can be used for inferring the temperature of an emitting (or absorbing) body being spectroscopically ...

3. Spectral line shape - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_line_shape

   Absorption spectrum of an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate.The spectrum consists of a series of overlapping lines belonging to a vibronic progression. Spectral line shape or spectral line profile describes the form of an electromagnetic spectrum in the vicinity of a spectral line – a region of stronger or weaker intensity in the spectrum.

4. Ambiguity function - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguity_function

   In pulsed radar and sonar signal processing, an ambiguity function is a two-dimensional function of propagation delay and Doppler frequency, (,).It represents the distortion of a returned pulse due to the receiver matched filter [1] (commonly, but not exclusively, used in pulse compression radar) of the return from a moving target.

5. Gibbs–Helmholtz equation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs–Helmholtz_equation

   The definition of the Gibbs function is = + where H is the enthalpy defined by: = +. Taking differentials of each definition to find dH and dG, then using the fundamental thermodynamic relation (always true for reversible or irreversible processes): = where S is the entropy, V is volume, (minus sign due to reversibility, in which dU = 0: work other than pressure-volume may be done and is equal ...

6. Doppler spectroscopy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_spectroscopy

   Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for finding extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star. As of November 2022, about 19.5% of known extrasolar planets ...

7. Sub-Doppler cooling - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Doppler_cooling

   In order to solve this problem, the other re-pumping light would be incident on the system to repopulate the atoms to restart the Doppler cooling process. This would induce higher amounts of fluorescence being emitted from the atoms which can be absorbed by other atoms, acting as a repulsive force.

8. 3 Winter Sleep Problems & How to Fix Them - AOL

   www.aol.com/3-winter-sleep-problems-fix...

   Winter brings less daylight and colder temperatures, which can disrupt sleep. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is more common in winter due to the lack of sunlight, causing sleep disturbances.

9. Mössbauer effect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mössbauer_effect

   This is the basis for Mössbauer spectroscopy, which combines the Mössbauer effect with the Doppler effect to monitor such interactions. Zero-phonon optical transitions , a process closely analogous to the Mössbauer effect, can be observed in lattice-bound chromophores at low temperatures.