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  2. List of unsolved problems in chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    Protein folding problem: Is it possible to predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polypeptide sequence based solely on the sequence and environmental information? Inverse protein-folding problem: Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a given structure under certain environmental conditions?

  3. Doppler broadening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_broadening

    A particular case is the thermal Doppler broadening due to the thermal motion of the particles. Then, the broadening depends only on the frequency of the spectral line, the mass of the emitting particles, and their temperature , and therefore can be used for inferring the temperature of an emitting (or absorbing) body being spectroscopically ...

  4. Ambiguity function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguity_function

    In pulsed radar and sonar signal processing, an ambiguity function is a two-dimensional function of propagation delay and Doppler frequency, (,).It represents the distortion of a returned pulse due to the receiver matched filter [1] (commonly, but not exclusively, used in pulse compression radar) of the return from a moving target.

  5. How To (book) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_To_(book)

    How To: Absurd Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems is a book by Randall Munroe in which the author provides absurd suggestions based in scientific fact on ways to solve some common and some absurd problems. [1] [2] [3] The book contains a range of possible real-world and absurd problems, each the focus of a single chapter. The book ...

  6. Mössbauer effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mössbauer_effect

    This is the basis for Mössbauer spectroscopy, which combines the Mössbauer effect with the Doppler effect to monitor such interactions. Zero-phonon optical transitions , a process closely analogous to the Mössbauer effect, can be observed in lattice-bound chromophores at low temperatures.

  7. Doppler cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_cooling

    The Doppler temperature is the minimum temperature achievable with Doppler cooling. When a photon is absorbed by an atom counter-propagating to the light source, its velocity is decreased by momentum conservation. When the absorbed photon is spontaneously emitted by the excited atom, the atom receives a momentum kick in a random direction.

  8. The 15 best subscription gifts of 2024, no shipping required

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/best-subscription-gifts...

    Escape the Crate offers the experience of an escape room, but delivered to the recipient’s home. Every game is complete with a theme, story, clues, and props, and can take several hours to crack ...

  9. Sub-Doppler cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Doppler_cooling

    In order to solve this problem, the other re-pumping light would be incident on the system to repopulate the atoms to restart the Doppler cooling process. This would induce higher amounts of fluorescence being emitted from the atoms which can be absorbed by other atoms, acting as a repulsive force.