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A hypertrophic scar is a cutaneous condition characterized by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen which gives rise to a raised scar, but not to the degree observed with keloids. [1] Like keloids, they form most often at the sites of pimples, body piercings , cuts and burns.
In coronary heart disease, the coronary arteries narrow due to the buildup of atheroma or fatty deposits on the vessel walls. The atheroma causes the blood flow of the arteries to be restricted. [6] By restricting the blood flow, the tissue is still receiving some oxygen, but not enough to sustain the tissue over time. [5]
Over time, they tend to atrophy and lose pigmentation. The affected areas appear empty, and are soft to the touch. [5] Stretch marks occur in the dermis, the resilient middle tissue layer that helps the skin retain its shape. No stretch marks will form as long as there is support within the dermis; stretching plays a role in where the marks ...
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
Keloids form within scar tissue. Collagen, used in wound repair, tends to overgrow in this area, sometimes producing a lump many times larger than that of the original scar. They can also range in color from pink to red. [6] Although they usually occur at the site of an injury, keloids can also arise spontaneously.
Scar revision is a process of cutting the scar tissue out. After the excision, the new wound is usually closed up to heal by primary intention, instead of secondary intention. Deeper cuts need a multilayered closure to heal optimally, otherwise depressed or dented scars can result. [57]
The tissue injury in SCARs is initiated principally by CD8 + or CD4 + T cells. Once drug-activated, these lymphocytes elicit immune responses to self tissues that can result in SCARs drug reactions by mechanisms which vary with the type of disorder that develops. Salient elements mediating tissue injury for each type of disorder include: [2] [13]
Dense scars may undergo hyaline degeneration and calcification. Atheroma in aorta and coronaries frequently undergo calcification. [3] [4] Cysts can show calcification. Calcinosis cutis is condition in which there are irregular nodular deposits of calcium salts in skin and subcutaneous tissue. Senile degenerative changes may be accompanied by ...
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