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  2. Penicillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin

    This supports the endosymbiotic theory of the evolution of plastid division in land plants. [60] Some bacteria produce enzymes that break down the β-lactam ring, called β-lactamases, which make the bacteria resistant to penicillin. Therefore, some penicillins are modified or given with other drugs for use against antibiotic-resistant bacteria ...

  3. Zoonotic origins of COVID-19 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonotic_origins_of_COVID-19

    By 2010, in vitro experiments had confirmed that modifications to the spike protein receptor binding domain could enable human infection by several SARS-related coronaviruses. [9] Virologists Rachel Graham and Ralph S. Baric at that time wrote, "that the question of emergence of another pathogenic human coronavirus from bat reservoirs might be ...

  4. Bactericide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactericide

    Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria; bacteriostatic antibiotics slow their growth or reproduction. Bactericidal antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis: the beta-lactam antibiotics ( penicillin derivatives ( penams ), cephalosporins ( cephems ), monobactams , and carbapenems ) and vancomycin .

  5. Sheep and bacteria are helping in the fight against ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/sheep-bacteria-helping-fight...

    The science of making reagents, the chemicals needed for the COVID-19 finger-prick test. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to ...

  6. Infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection

    Antibiotics only work for bacteria and do not affect viruses. Antibiotics work by slowing down the multiplication of bacteria or killing the bacteria. The most common classes of antibiotics used in medicine include penicillin , cephalosporins , aminoglycosides , macrolides , quinolones and tetracyclines .

  7. Human pathogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_pathogen

    A human pathogen is a pathogen (microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus) that causes disease in humans. The human physiological defense against common pathogens (such as Pneumocystis ) is mainly the responsibility of the immune system with help by some of the body's normal microbiota .

  8. Coronavirus or influenza? Bacteria or fungi? Experts share ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/coronavirus-influenza...

    Antimicrobial resistance — or when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them — is considered “an urgent global public health threat,” with ...

  9. Bacillus anthracis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_anthracis

    Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent pathogen within the genus Bacillus. Its infection is a type of zoonosis, as it is transmitted from animals to humans. [1]