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The two modes are sometimes referred to as the half-step/whole step diminished scale and the whole step/half-step diminished scale. [10] Because it was associated in the early 20th century with the Dutch composer Willem Pijper, in the Netherlands it is called the Pijper scale. [11]
Illustration of Riemann's "dualist" system: minor as upside down major. Half-steps are indicated by slur marks, other notes are separated by whole steps. The descending melodic minor scale shown has the same order of half steps and whole steps as the ascending major scale.
However, the reciting tones of modes 3, 4, and 8 rose one step during the 10th and 11th centuries with 3 and 8 moving from B to C and that of 4 moving from G to A . [ 49 ] Kyrie "orbis factor", in mode 1 (Dorian) with B ♭ on scale-degree 6, descends from the reciting tone, A, to the final, D, and uses the subtonium (tone below the final).
where "whole" stands for a whole tone (a red u-shaped curve in the figure), and "half" stands for a semitone (a red angled line in the figure). [2] Whole steps and half steps are explained mathematically in a related article, Twelfth root of two. Notably, an equal-tempered octave has twelve half steps (semitones) spaced equally in terms of the ...
For instance, in a chromatic scale each scale step represents a semitone interval, while a major scale is defined by the interval pattern W–W–H–W–W–W–H, where W stands for whole step (an interval spanning two semitones, e.g. from C to D), and H stands for half-step (e.g. from C to D ♭).
For example, the C diminished scale of the half-step-first type, has the same notes as the half-step-first E ♭ diminished scale as well as the whole-step-first D ♭ diminished scale. All three are composed of the same eight pitches: C–D ♭ –E ♭ –E ♮ –F ♯ –G–A–B ♭ –C.
In music theory a diatonic scale is a heptatonic (seven-note) scale that includes five whole steps (whole tones) and two half steps (semitones) in each octave, in which the two half steps are separated from each other by either two or three whole steps. In other words, the half steps are maximally separated from each other.
For example, C to D (major second) is a step, whereas C to E (major third) is a skip. More generally, a step is a smaller or narrower interval in a musical line, and a skip is a wider or larger interval with the categorization of intervals into steps and skips is determined by the tuning system and the pitch space used.