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The War in Afghanistan was a prolonged conflict lasting from 2001 to 2021. It began with the invasion by a United States-led coalition under the name Operation Enduring Freedom in response to the September 11 attacks carried out by al-Qaeda , toppling the Taliban -ruled Islamic Emirate and establishing the Islamic Republic three years later.
Upon the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan in 1979, Azzam issued a fatwa (Defense of the Muslim Lands, the First Obligation after Faith [7]) declaring that jihad against the Soviet Union was fard 'ayn (a personal obligation [8]) for every able-bodied Muslim man: "Whoever can, from among the Arabs, fight jihad in Palestine, then he must start ...
The Islamic State–Taliban conflict is an ongoing insurgency waged by the Islamic State – Khorasan Province (IS-KP) against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. [60] The conflict initially began when both operated as rival insurgent groups in Nangarhar; since the formation of the Taliban's state in 2021, IS-KP members have enacted a campaign of terrorism targeting both civilians and ...
U.S. officials say they are racing to evacuate as many people from Afghanistan as possible before the end of the month, when America's 20-year military presence in the country is scheduled to end.
Islam is the official state religion of Afghanistan, with approximately 99.7% of the Afghan population being Muslim. Roughly 85% practice Sunni Islam , while around 10% are Shias . [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Most Shias belong to the Twelver branch and only a smaller number follow Ismailism .
The U.S.-led war in Afghanistan began on 7 October 2001, as Operation Enduring Freedom. It was designed to capture or kill Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda militants, as well as replace the Taliban with a U.S.-friendly government. The Bush Doctrine stated that, as policy, it would not distinguish between al-Qaeda and nations that harbor them.
Hazaras predominantly practice Islam, with most adhering to Shi'a Islam, a significant portion following Sunni Islam, and smaller groups practicing Isma'ili and Non-denominational Islam. [ 13 ] [ 198 ] [ 14 ] The majority of Afghanistan's population practices Sunni Islam, which may have contributed to the discrimination Hazaras face .
This was followed by the Ghani administration and the reconquest of Afghanistan by the Taliban (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan). The long wars in Afghanistan have led to Pashtuns gaining a reputation for being exceptional fighters. [207] Some activists and intellectuals are trying to rebuild Pashtun intellectualism and its pre-war culture. [208]