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A trench marks the position at which the flexed, subducting slab begins to descend beneath another lithospheric slab. Trenches are generally parallel to and about 200 km (120 mi) from a volcanic arc. Much of the fluid trapped in sediments of the subducting slab returns to the surface at the oceanic trench, producing mud volcanoes and cold seeps.
Deep marine trenches are typically associated with subduction zones, and the basins that develop along the active boundary are often called "foreland basins". Earthquakes trace the path of the downward-moving plate as it descends into asthenosphere, a trench forms, and as the subducted plate is heated it releases volatiles, mostly water from ...
The Mariana Trench is an oceanic trench located in the western Pacific Ocean, about 200 kilometres (124 mi) east of the Mariana Islands; it is the deepest oceanic trench on Earth. It is crescent-shaped and measures about 2,550 km (1,580 mi) in length and 69 km (43 mi) in width.
The trench is 1,700 miles (2,750 km) long and is 21,880 feet (6,669 m) at its deepest point. The trench is the boundary between the Rivera, Cocos, and Nazca plates on one side and the North American and Caribbean plates on the other. It is the 18th-deepest trench in the world.
The deepest point of the South Sandwich Trench is only 110 metres (361 ft) shallower than the deepest point in the Puerto Rico Trench, sometimes known as the Milwaukee or Brownson Deep. The trench is produced by the subduction of the southernmost portion of the South American plate beneath the small South Sandwich plate.
A relative motion of 1 cm/year (0.39 in/year) or less has, nevertheless, been suggested for the trench, roughly normal to the trench. [3] The Kilinailau Trench east of New Ireland appears to form a continuation to the south west and is thought to mark the boundary between the Pacific and North Bismarck plates. It is, however, disputed whether ...
The Kermadec Trench is one of Earth's deepest oceanic trenches, reaching a depth of 10,047 metres (32,963 ft). [3] Formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Indo-Australian Plate, it runs parallel with and to the east of the Kermadec Ridge and island arc. The Tonga Trench marks the continuation of subduction to the north.
A gas main being laid in a trench. A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground that is generally deeper than it is wide (as opposed to a swale or a bar ditch), and narrow compared with its length (as opposed to a simple hole or pit). [1] In geology, trenches result from erosion by rivers or by geological movement of tectonic ...
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