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Edward Lee Thorndike (() August 31, 1874 – () August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University.His work on comparative psychology and the learning process led to his "theory of connectionism" and helped lay the scientific foundation for educational psychology.
Learning theory (education) – Theory that describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning Constructivism (philosophy of education) – Philosophical viewpoint about the nature of knowledge; theory of knowledge; Radical behaviorism – Term pioneered by B.F. Skinner
Thorndike's Law of Effect can be compared to Darwin's theory of natural selection in which successful organisms are more likely to prosper and survive to pass on their genes to the next generation, while the weaker, unsuccessful organisms are gradually replaced and "stamped out". It can be said that the environment selects the "fittest ...
The psychology of learning refers to theories and research on how individuals learn. There are many theories of learning. Some take on a more behaviorist approach which focuses on inputs and reinforcements. [1] [2] [3] Other approaches, such as neuroscience and social cognition, focus more on how the brain's organization and structure influence ...
This theory was originally proposed in order to explain discriminated avoidance learning, in which an organism learns to avoid an aversive stimulus by escaping from a signal for that stimulus. Two processes are involved: classical conditioning of the signal followed by operant conditioning of the escape response: a) Classical conditioning of fear.
In his famous experiment, a cat was placed in a series of puzzle boxes in order to study the law of effect in learning. [4] He plotted to learn curves which recorded the timing for each trial. Thorndike's key observation was that learning was promoted by positive results, which was later refined and extended by B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning.
Edward Thorndike Thorndike , who proposed the model, believed that learning stemmed from stimulus and response. [ 14 ] Pavlov popularized and revolutionized the theory though by experimenting on the dogs.
Learning theory describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a worldview, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.