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Gerardus Mercator (/ dʒ ɪ ˈ r ɑːr d ə s m ɜːr ˈ k eɪ t ər /; [a] [b] [c] 5 March 1512 – 2 December 1594) [d] was a Flemish geographer, cosmographer and cartographer.He is most renowned for creating the 1569 world map based on a new projection which represented sailing courses of constant bearing (rhumb lines) as straight lines—an innovation that is still employed in nautical charts.
Plant-based paste tends to dry more quickly than silk-based pastes because the plant extract does not hold onto the oil as tightly as silk. Depending on the paper used, plant pastes can dry in 10 to 15 minutes. The more absorbent the paper is, the faster it dries as the paper absorbs most of the oil.
Line engraving. Line engraving is a term for engraved images printed on paper to be used as prints or illustrations. The term is mainly used in connection with 18th- or 19th-century commercial illustrations for magazines and books or reproductions of paintings. It is not a technical term in printmaking, and can cover a variety of techniques ...
The recorded history of the Philippines between 900 and 1565 begins with the creation of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription in 900 and ends with the beginning of Spanish colonization in 1565. The inscription records its date of creation in 822 Saka (900 CE). The discovery of this document marks the end of the prehistory of the Philippines at ...
Collection of Philippine lantaka in a European museum 18th-century engraving of a Philippine karakoa, two lantaka can be seen mounted on the deck The most intimate weapon wielded by pre-colonial inhabitants of the Philippines was the balaraw , a dagger with a double-edged leaf-shaped blade and a cross-shaped hilt which at times was used as a ...
Several different kinds of screens were proposed during the following decades, but the first half-tone photo-engraving process was invented by Canadians George-Édouard Desbarats and William Leggo Jr. [132] On October 30, 1869, Desbarats published the Canadian Illustrated News which became the world's first periodical to successfully employ ...
Printing in East Asia originated in China, evolving from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. [1][a] A type of printing called mechanical woodblock printing on paper started in China during the 7th century in the Tang dynasty. [3][1] The use of woodblock printing spread throughout East ...
Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Islas Filipinas (Spanish, lit. " Hydrographical and Chorographical Chart of the Philippine Islands "), more commonly known as the Velarde map, is a map of the Philippines made and first published in Manila in 1734 by the Jesuit cartographer Pedro Murillo Velarde [es], the engraver Nicolás de la Cruz ...