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The mortar and pestle, with the Rod of Asclepius, the Green Cross, and others, is one of the most pervasive symbols of pharmacology. [10] For pharmaceutical use, the mortar and the head of the pestle are usually made of porcelain, while the handle of the pestle is made of wood. This is known as a Wedgwood mortar and pestle and originated in 1759.
The mortar and pestle, already used for thousands of years, is a standard tool even in modern laboratories. More modern solutions are based on blender type instruments, bead mills , ultrasonic treatment (also sonication ), rotor-stator mechanical, high pressure, and many other physical forces.
Pharmacist compounding a medication using a mortar and pestle (c. 1923). In the field of pharmacy, compounding (performed in compounding pharmacies) is preparation of custom medications to fit unique needs of patients that cannot be met with mass-produced products.
A medication is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. The Apothecary or The Chemist by Gabriël Metsu (c. 1651 –67) Pharmacy is the science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring medications, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of medicines.
Medicinal chemistry is a highly interdisciplinary science combining organic chemistry with biochemistry, computational chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology, statistics, and physical chemistry. Compounds used as medicines are most often organic compounds, which are often divided into the broad classes of small organic molecules (e.g ...
The early uses of antimonium include the translations, in 1050–1100, by Constantine the African of Arabic medical treatises. [55] Several authorities believe antimonium is a scribal corruption of some Arabic form; Meyerhof derives it from ithmid ; [ 56 ] other possibilities include athimar , the Arabic name of the metalloid, and a ...
Examples of slurries include: Cement slurry, a mixture of cement, water, and assorted dry and liquid additives used in the petroleum and other industries [1] [2]; Soil/cement slurry, also called Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM), flowable fill, controlled density fill, flowable mortar, plastic soil-cement, K-Krete, and other names [3]
historically, used in human or animal experiments to measure and record data Long extension kymograph: historically, used in or human animal experiments to measure and record data Surface plasmon resonance: Label-free detection of molecule binding. Used to determine kinetic constants of the interaction (k a, k d, K D). Can also be used for ...