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[13] The term "tokamak" was coined in 1957 [14] by Igor Golovin, a student of academician Igor Kurchatov.It originally sounded like "tokamag" ("токамаг") — an acronym of the words "toroidal chamber magnetic" ("тороидальная камера магнитная"), but Natan Yavlinsky, the author of the first toroidal system, proposed replacing "-mag" with "-mak" for euphony. [15]
Tokamak's constraint solver does not involve solving large matrices, thereby avoiding memory bandwidth limitations on some game consoles. The SDK supports a variety of joint types and joint limits and a realistic friction model. Tokamak is optimized for stacking large numbers of objects - a frequently requested feature by game developers.
The mainline confinement concepts of tokamak and stellarator do this in a toroidal chamber, which allows a great deal of control over the magnetic configuration, but requires a very complex construction. The field-reversed configuration offers an alternative in that the field lines are closed, providing good confinement, but the chamber is ...
Ignitor was designed to produce approximately 100 MW of fusion power despite its relatively small size. For comparison, the intended weight was 500 metric tons, while the ITER international reactor, expected to be the first tokamak to reach scientific breakeven, is some 19,000 tons.
It previously operated the Alcator C-Mod tokamak between 1991 and 2016, and is currently building the SPARC tokamak with Commonwealth Fusion Systems. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (United States). Its primary fusion experiment is the National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade (NSTX-U).
First plasma was obtained on NSTX on Friday, February 12, 1999 at 7:06 p.m. . Magnetic fusion experiments use plasmas composed of one or more hydrogen isotopes.For example, in 1994, PPPL's Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor produced a world-record 10.7 megawatts of fusion power from a plasma composed of equal parts of deuterium and tritium, a fuel mix likely to be used in commercial fusion power ...
From the fusion triple product it is known that both temperature and energy confinement time of the fusion fuel must be high enough for fusion ignition. It was however found that the energy confinement time scales inversely with applied power. Prior to the discovery of H-mode, all tokamaks operated in what is now called the L-mode.
The Lockheed Martin Compact Fusion Reactor (CFR) was a fusion power project at Lockheed Martin’s Skunk Works. [1] Its high-beta configuration, which implies that the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure is greater than or equal to 1 (compared to tokamak designs' 0.05), allows a compact design and expedited development.