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The reaction rate is pH dependent, and slightly alkaline conditions achieved by adding a weak base, e.g. sodium salicylate, will produce brighter light.Developed by American Cyanamid in the 1960s, the formulation containing CPPO, a fluorescer, and a glass capsule containing hydrogen peroxide and a base catalyst, all in dialkyl phthalate solvents, was marketed as Cyalume.
Luminol (C 8 H 7 N 3 O 2) is a chemical that exhibits chemiluminescence, with a blue glow, when mixed with an appropriate oxidizing agent.Luminol is a white-to-pale-yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in most polar organic solvents but insoluble in water.
Chemiluminescence in aqueous system is mainly caused by redox reactions. [4] Chemiluminescence after a reaction of hydrogen peroxide and luminol. Luminol in an alkaline solution with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron or copper, [5] or an auxiliary oxidant, [6] produces 3-aminophtalate in an excited state, which exhibits ...
Electrochemiluminescence or electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) is a kind of luminescence produced during electrochemical reactions in solutions. In electrogenerated chemiluminescence, electrochemically generated intermediates undergo a highly exergonic reaction to produce an electronically excited state that then emits light upon relaxation to a lower-level state.
2,6-Dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (Gibbs reagent) is an organic compound used as an colorimetric indicator to detect phenolic compounds. [1] Upon reaction with phenol itself, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol is formed, [ 2 ] a chemical that is used as a redox indicator .
Reagents are "substances or compounds that are added to a system in order to bring about a chemical reaction or are added to see if a reaction occurs." [1] Some reagents are just a single element. However, most processes require reagents made of chemical compounds. Some of the most common ones used widely for specific reactive functions are ...
Due to relatively high concentrations in the aqueous stock solutions (cf. Tables 1 and 2) the Hoagland solution is very good for the growth of plants with lower nutrient demands as well, such as lettuce and aquatic plants, with the further dilution of the preparation to 1 ⁄ 4 or 1 ⁄ 5 of the modified solution. [14]
In solution with phenol (also called carbolic acid) as an accentuator [17] it is called carbol fuchsin and is used for the Ziehl–Neelsen and other similar acid-fast staining of the mycobacteria which cause tuberculosis, leprosy etc. [18] Basic fuchsine is widely used in biology to stain the nucleus, and is also a component of Lactofuchsin ...