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James with his father, Charles I, by Sir Peter Lely, 1647. In August 1642, long running political disputes between Charles I and his opponents in Parliament led to the First English Civil War. James and his brother Charles were present at the Battle of Edgehill in October, and narrowly escaped capture by Parliamentarian cavalry. [12]
It depicts the future James II, then Duke of York and heir to his brother Charles II. [ 2 ] He is shown dressed as Lord High Admiral , a position he had been forced to resign from during the Exclusion Crisis of 1673 but had lately been effectively restored to by his brother during the Tory Reaction of the early 1680s.
James's greatest political problem was his known Roman Catholicism, which left him alienated from both political parties in England, but most of all from the Whigs.. Between 1679 and 1681 the Whigs had failed in their attempts to pass the Exclusion Bill to exclude James from the throne, but his brother Charles II had had great trouble in defeating this
In 1664, Charles II of England and his brother James, Duke of York raised a fleet to take the Dutch colony of New Netherland, then under the Directorship of Peter Stuyvesant. Stuyvesant surrendered to the English fleet without recognition from the Dutch West India Company. The province was renamed for the Duke of York, as its proprietor. [1]
Portrait of James when Duke of York in 1684, by Godfrey Kneller. Mary of Modena in c. 1687 after her coronation as queen consort, a portrait by Godfrey Kneller.. James's predecessor and elder brother, King Charles II, had come to the throne in the 1660 Stuart Restoration, which followed the English Civil Wars, the execution of Charles I and the five year republic known as The Protectorate.
Portrait of James, Duke of York is a 1673 portrait painting by the French artist Henri Gascar depicting the future James II of England, then Duke of York. [1] [2] [3] James is portrayed in Baroque style in Roman clothing in the style of Mars, the god of war. He stands in a pavilion with his flagship the Royal Prince in the background.
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New Netherland was taken in a naval action, and the English renamed the new capture for their naval commander, James, Duke of York, brother of the then monarch King Charles II and future king himself as King James II. Brooklyn became a part of the West Riding of York Shire in the Province of New York, one of the Middle Colonies of nascent ...