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The shortleaf pine or Pinus echinata is a species of coniferous tree endemic to the United States. [1] The shortleaf pine is sometimes referred to as the "old field", "spruce", "rosemary", "yellow", "two-leaf" and "heart" pine.
Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) is one of the four most important commercial conifers in the southeastern United States. Depending upon locale, the species is also called shortleaf yellow, southern yellow, oldfield, shortstraw, or Arkansas soft pine.
Shortleaf Pine is an evergreen tree that may grow 80 to 100 feet tall. The tree has 3- to 5-inch slender and flexible needles in clusters of 2 or 3. The fascicle sheath is persistent.
Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) forests and associated habitats contain extraordinary cultural, ecological, and economic value by providing wildlife habitat, recreational opportunities, enhanced water quality, and high value wood products.
Pinus echinata, commonly called shortleaf pine, is native to Missouri where it mostly occurs in dry, sandy or rocky upland areas in the Ozark region. A medium-sized, fast-growing pine with a short pyramidal crown which broadens somewhat with age.
Large, evergreen, needle- and cone-bearing tree with lovely plated bark. The trunk is long and the pyramidal shape becomes more broad, opening up as the tree matures. With 3-5″ scented blue-green needles, usually in bundles of two, sometimes pleasantly audible in the wind.
Shortleaf pine is a large tree with a long, clear trunk and broad, open crown. Leaves are needles, from persistent sheaths at the base of the needles; needles in bundles of 2 (sometimes 3), 3–5 inches long, slender, flexible, not twisted, sharp-pointed, dark bluish-green.
Shortleaf pine will grow on drier, more infertile sites, due to its extensive root system. Unique among Southern pines, shortleaf is also capable of sprouting at young ages. Furthermore, shortleaf can tolerate growing in very dense stands, and it responds to thinning even as mature trees.
Shortleaf pine is a medium to large tree reaching 80 to 100 feet tall and 2–3 feet in diameter in a lifespan of 200 years. The straight bole (Fig. 4) with low taper supports a small pyramidal crown.
Classed as a southern yellow pine, the shortleaf pine is a hardy tree that thrives in USDA zones 6 through 9 and can grow in a variety of soil types. The pine tree is commonly found in the southeastern United States and is an important source of lumber and pulpwood.