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Edible oil refining is a set of processes or treatments necessary to turn vegetable raw oil into edible oil.. Raw vegetable oil, obtained from seeds by pressing, solvent extraction, contains free fatty acids and other components such as phospholipids, waxes, peroxides, aldehydes, and ketones, which contribute to undesirable flavor, odor, and appearance; [1] for these reasons, all the oil has ...
Vegetable oil refining may refer to: Fat hydrogenation, combining vegetable oil with hydrogen to make it more saturated; Edible oil refining, process to refin a raw oil to produce an edible oil, which differ from Olive oil production. Biodiesel production by transesterification; Production of hydrotreated vegetable oil, a biofuel
Raw materials are typically heated up to 250 °F (121 °C) to make the pressing more efficient, otherwise the pressing itself will heat the oil to 185–200 °F (85–93 °C). [1] Some companies claim that they use a cooling apparatus to reduce this temperature to protect certain properties of the oils being extracted.
ASTM D5773, Standard Test Method of Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate Method) is an alternative to the manual test procedure. It uses automatic apparatus and has been found to be equivalent to test method D2500. [4] The D5773 test method determines the cloud point in a shorter period of time than manual method D2500.
The most efficient method of industrial oil degassing is vacuum processing, which removes air and water solved in the oil. [6] This can be achieved by: spraying of oil in large vacuum chambers; distributing the oil into a thin layer over special surfaces (spiral rings, Raschig rings etc) in vacuum chambers.
Since its invention in 1964 the apparatus has been adopted, modified, and used by hundreds of researchers for the purposes of analyzing compounds in everything from fermented camels milk to turbot. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Perhaps the most notable permutation of the Likens-Nickerson apparatus is the device described by Godefroot et al. in 1981. [ 6 ]
Almost all corn oil is expeller-pressed, then solvent-extracted using hexane or 2-methylpentane (isohexane). [1] The solvent is evaporated from the corn oil, recovered, and re-used. After extraction, the corn oil is then refined by degumming and/or alkali treatment, both of which remove phosphatides. Alkali treatment also neutralizes free fatty ...
The block scheme of the refining process is very useful to understand how the steps occur one after another in the procedure and where waste and side-products are produced. The key references are reported. I suggest to add the cross-reference to “Vegetable Oil” and to “Winterization of oil”.