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The Great Depression began in the United States of America and quickly spread worldwide. [42] It had severe effects in countries both rich and poor. Personal income, consumption, industrial output, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%.
The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century in the United States have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate. [1] They are part of the larger debate about economic crises and recessions. The specific economic events that took place during the Great Depression are well established.
The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the economy of the U.S., from the colonial era to the present. The emphasis is on productivity and economic performance and how the economy was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.
In the Great Depression, GDP fell by 27% (the deepest after demobilization is the recession beginning in December 2007, during which GDP had fallen 5.1% by the second quarter of 2009) and the unemployment rate reached 24.9% (the highest since was the 10.8% rate reached during the 1981–1982 recession).
The term was reportedly coined by Claudia Goldin and Robert Margo [1] in a 1992 paper, [2] and is a takeoff on the Great Depression, an event during which the Great Compression started. Share of pre-tax household income received by the top 1%, top 0.1%, and top 0.01%, between 1917 and 2005 [3] [4]
During the Depression, a piece of cardboard or a new rubber sole may have extended the wear of a pricey pair, and clothes were certainly mended and patched long before they were ever thrown out.
In 1932 the top marginal tax rate was increased to 63% during the Great Depression and steadily increased, reaching 94% in 1944 [26] (on income over $200,000, equivalent of $2,868,625 in 2018 dollars [27]). During World War II, Congress introduced payroll withholding and quarterly tax payments.
The recession of 1937–1938 was an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States. By the spring of 1937, production, profits, and wages had regained their early 1929 levels. Unemployment remained high, but it was substantially lower than the 25% rate seen in 1933.